Low-cost sugarcane bagasse and peanut shell magnetic-composites applied in the removal of carbofuran and iprodione pesticides.
In the present study, two agro-industrial wastes, sugarcane bagasse, and peanut shell were employed as support of magnetite nanoparticles for the synthesis of magnetic bio-composites: magnetic sugarcane bagasse (MBO) and magnetic peanut shell (MPSo). The presence of magnetite was verified by Raman spectroscopy. Magnetic nanoparticles shape and size distribution were studied by TEM, while composites […]
High sorption efficiency for As (III) and As (V) from aqueous solutions using novel almond shell biochar.
Arsenic (As) presence in surface reservoirs and groundwater is considered as an extremely alarming issue around the globe. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the sorption potential of almond shell (ALS) and almond shell biochar (ASB) based sorbents for the removal of As(III)/As(V) from As-contaminated aqueous solutions. The maximum As(III) sorption capacity […]
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity Optimization of Nut Shell (Carya Illinoinensis) by Extrusion Using Response Surface Methods.
The pecan (Carya illinoinensis) nut shell is an important byproduct of the food processing industry that has not been previously explored as an antioxidant compound. This work aims to study the effect of the extrusion temperature and screw speed on the moisture content, water and oil absorption index, water solubility index, color, phenolic compounds, condensed […]
Characterization of Polyphenolic Compounds Extracted from Different Varieties of Almond Hulls (Prunus dulcis L.).
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was applied as a pretreatment technique to improve the recovery of polyphenols from the almond hulls of four Tunisian and three Italian almond varieties, followed by the characterization with HPLC-DAD. The operating parameters (solid/liquid ratio, extraction time, and ethanol concentrations) were optimized using a Response Surface Methodology. A polynomial equation was calculated […]
FT-IR spectroscopy and Morphological study of functionalized cellulosic fibers: Evaluation of their dyeing properties using biological Pistacia vera hulls by-product extract.
The repulsion between cellulose and anionic entities could be overcome by imparting cationic sites on its structure. In this work, we studied the treatment of cotton fabric with different amounts of chitosan bio-polymer (0.0125-0.075%), dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride and diallylamin co-polymer (1-5%), alum (0.5-20 g/L), and sodium chloride (2-40 g/L) in order to improve their […]
Porous β-Mo2C Nanoparticle Clusters Supported on Walnut Shell Powders Derived Carbon Matrix for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.
Herein, we choose the waste walnut shell as the carbon source, and ammonium heptamolybdate as the molybdenum source to prepare the β-Mo2C catalyst supported on carbon matrix (Mo2C@C) by the calcination method for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The open pores in the porous Mo2C nanoparticle clusters can facilitate electrolyte permeation and hydrogen molecules release as […]
Chemical and Pharmacological Evaluation of Hulls of Prunus dulcis Nuts.
Researchers have shown that the almond hulls, normally wasted after utilization of nuts, contain a number of biologically active compounds based on which the present study has been carried out. Focus is placed on the mass spectrometric determination of the analytes along with the estimation of total polyphenolic and total flavonoid contents in the 70% […]
Development of functional edible oils enriched with pistachio and walnut phenolic extracts.
The purpose of this research was the development of functional edible oils with potential health promoting effects, enriched with phenolic-rich extracts obtained from pistachio and walnut. A high phenolic content, 10860 mg/kg and 7030 mg/kg in walnut and pistachio kernels respectively, with a corresponding strong radical scavenging effect (DPPH, 106 and 20 mmol/kg Trolox) were […]
Plant extracts such as pine nut shell, peanut shell and jujube leaf improved the antioxidant ability and gas permeability of chitosan films.
In order to develop the antioxidant and gas permeability packaging film, the effects of three plant extracts (pine nut shell, peanut shell and jujube leaf) on the physical, antioxidative and structural properties of chitosan based biodegradable films were studied. The results showed that three plant extracts improved the antioxidant capacity of films. The DPPH radical […]
Effects of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction on the Physicochemical Properties of Different Walnut Proteins.
The effects of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE, 200 W, 20 min) on the yield and physicochemical properties of different walnut proteins (WNPs, including albumin, globulin, and glutelin) were investigated. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis indicated that UAE could result in protein molecular fragmentation of albumin, but did not affect the major bands of […]
High-methylated pectin from walnut processing wastes as a potential resource: Ultrasound assisted extraction and physicochemical, structural and functional analysis.
The ultrasound-assisted extraction of pectin from walnut processing waste was optimized by Box-Behnken design. The highest extraction yield (12.78±0.83%) was obtained at ultrasound power of 200 W, sonication time of 10 min, pH of 1.5 and LS ratio of 15 v/w. The resulting pectin in these conditions was rich in galacturonic acid (69.44%) and was […]
Electrocoagulation and electrooxidation pre-treatment effect on fungal treatment of pistachio processing wastewater.
The effect of electrochemical pre-treatment on fungal treatment of pistachio processing wastewater (PPW) was investigated. Electrocoagulation (EC) and electrooxidation (EO) were used as electrochemical pre-treatment step before fungal treatment of PPW. Aluminum (Al/Al), iron (Fe/Fe), and stainless steel (SS/SS) electrode pairs were selected as anode/cathode for EC whereas boron doped diamond (BDD/SS) was preferred as […]
Antioxidant Evaluation of Extracts of Pecan NutShell (Carya illinoensis) in Soybean Biodiesel B100.
Biodiesel is subject to radical reactions that promote degradation. To decrease the speed of these degradation reactions and increase oxidative stability, either natural or synthetic antioxidants are added to biodiesel. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of extracts of pecan nutshell (Carya illinoensis) as natural antioxidants derived from biomass using […]
Application of FTIR-ATR spectroscopy to confirm the microwave assisted synthesis and curing of Cashew nut shell liquid derived nanostructured materials.
The present work reports the development of nanostructured material from Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL, an agro byproduct of cashew industry, 87% cardanol) to evaluate their potential in antibacterial applications as a substitute of petroleum feedstock via an energy-efficient method. The nanostructured material was synthesized by coordination polymerization reaction of cardanol and divalent Mn(II) salt […]
Improvement in nutritional quality and thermal stability of palm olein blended with macadamia oil for deep-fat frying application.
Macadamia nut shell (MNS) is a type of waste lignocellulose obtained from macadamia nut production processing. Large MNS wastes caused serious resource waste and environmental pollution. So, preparation of hydrochars from MNS via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is of great significance. HTC of MNS was conducted to study the effect of process parameters, including HTC temperature […]
Air and Steam Gasification of Almond Biomass.
Experiments were performed on a laboratory scale fluidized bed gasifier to characterize the gasification products of almond shell and hull removed in nut processing operations and to determine the effect of gasifying media on bed agglomeration. The higher heating value of syngas during air gasification of almond biomass ranged from 4 to 6 MJ m−3 while […]
Managing high fiber food waste for the cultivation of black soldier fly larvae.
Increases in global human population are leading to increasing demands for food production and waste management. Insect biomass is a sustainable alternative to traditional animal feeds when insects are produced on lignocellulosic by-products. Resources high in lignocellulose have high carbon to nitrogen ratios and require nitrogen supplementation to accelerate bioconversion. Here we report on studies […]
Kinetic and equilibrium study of the removal of reactive dye using modified walnut shell.
Modified walnut shell (EAWNS) was prepared by reaction with epichlorohydrin and alkaline solution of aspartic acid and used to remove reactive dye (Reactive Brilliant Blue (KN-R)) from aqueous media. The isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics of KN-R adsorption onto EAWNS were studied at 298-318 K. The isotherm data of KN-R adsorption onto EAWNS agreed closely with […]
Persistence of a mixed lactic acid bacterial starter culture during lysine fortification of sourdough breads by addition of pistachio powder.
Pistachio powder was added to flour or semolina to evaluate its contribution to increase the amount of lysine in bread. Bread production was carried out by sourdough technology using a selected 3-species (Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis/Leuconostoc citreum/Weissella cibaria) lactic acid bacterial (LAB) starter culture. All sourdoughs were subjected to a long-time fermentation (21 h) and showed levels of […]
The Antimicrobial and Antiviral Activity of Polyphenols from Almond (Prunus dulcis L.) Skin.
Due to their antimicrobial and antiviral activity potential in vitro, polyphenols are gaining a lot of attention from the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries. A novel antiviral and antimicrobial approach could be based on the use of polyphenols obtained from natural sources. Here, we tested the antibacterial and antiviral effect of a mix of polyphenols present […]
Sensory Metabolite Profiling in a Date Pit Based Coffee Substitute and in Response to Roasting as Analyzed via Mass Spectrometry Based Metabolomics.
Interest in developing coffee substitutes is on the rise, to minimizing its health side effects. In the Middle East, date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) pits are often used as a coffee substitute post roasting. In this study, commercially-roasted date pit products, along with unroasted and home-prepared roasted date pits, were subjected to analyses for their metabolite […]
Effect of porosity enhancing agents on the electrochemical performance of high-energy ultracapacitor electrodes derived from peanut shell waste.
In this study, the synthesis of porous activated carbon nanostructures from peanut (Arachis hypogea) shell waste (PSW) was described using different porosity enhancing agents (PEA) at various mass concentrations via a two-step process. The textural properties obtained were depicted with relatively high specific surface area values of 1457 m2 g-1, 1625 m2 g-1 and 2547 m2 g-1 for KHCO3, K2CO3 and KOH respectively at a mass […]
Antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of walnut pellicle extract (Juglans regia L.) against coagulase-negative staphylococci.
Juglans regia L. (common walnut) is a deciduous tree belonging to Juglandaceae family. Since ancient time, walnut was widely used in traditional medicine for its antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic and liver-protective effects. In this work, the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of walnuts pellicle extract against coagulase-negative staphylococci were evaluated. Qualitative chemical analysis was performed by the thin layer […]
A Comprehensive Review on the Chemical Constituents and Functional Uses of Walnut (Juglans spp.) Husk.
The walnut (Juglans spp.) is an appreciated nut that belongs to the Juglandaceae family. The fruit includes four main parts: the kernel, the skin, the shell, and the green husk. It is widely cultivated due to its edible kernel. In walnut production centers, high amounts of the husk as an agro-forest waste product are produced and […]
Characterization and Phytotoxicity Assessment of Essential Oils from Plant Byproducts.
The present work describes the chemical characterization and the phytotoxicity assessment of essential oils (EOs) obtained from spent materials or pruning waste of four plant species: Zingiber officinale Roscoe used in the juicing industry, Pistacia vera L. var. Bronte used in the food industry, discarded material of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L. var. Futura 75), and pruning waste from Cupressus sempervirens L. The phytochemical profile of […]
Application of multivariate optimization for the selective extraction of phenolic compounds in cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.).
An extraction method based on a multivariate analytical approach was developed for enhancement of the phenolic compounds in cashew nut extracts. The different extractor solvents (acetone, water, ethanol, and methanol) and their binary, ternary, and quaternary combinations were evaluated using a simplex-centroid design and surface response methodology. The special cubic model exhibits no lack of fit and […]
Nanomaterials Based on Fe3O4 and Phthalocyanines Derived from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid.
In this work we report the synthesis of new hybrid nanomaterials in the core/shell/shell morphology, consisting of a magnetite core (Fe3O4) and two consecutive layers of oleic acid (OA) and phthalocyanine molecules, the latter derived from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). The synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticle was performed via co-precipitation procedure, followed by the nanoparticle coating with OA […]
Anacardium Plants: Chemical, Nutritional Composition and Biotechnological Applications.
Anacardium plants are native to the American tropical regions, and Anacardium occidentale L. (cashew tree) is the most recognized species of the genus. These species contain rich secondary metabolites in their leaf and shoot powder, fruits and other parts that have shown diverse applications. This review describes the habitat and cultivation of Anacardium species, phytochemical and nutritional composition, and their industrial food […]
The Puzzle of the Walnut Shell: A Novel Cell Type with Interlocked Packing.
The outer protective shells of nuts can have remarkable toughness and strength, which are typically achieved by a layered arrangement of sclerenchyma cells and fibers with a polygonal form. Here, the tissue structure of walnut shells is analyzed in depth, revealing that the shells consist of a single, never reported cell type: the polylobate sclereid cells. These […]
Valorisation of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid Phenolics in the Synthesis of UV Absorbers.
With current concerns over the use of fossil resources for chemical synthesis of functional molecules and the effect of current UV absorbers in sunscreens have on the ecosystem, we describe a xylochemical synthesis of different classes of aromatic UV absorbers utilizing cashew nut shell liquid as a non‐edible bio‐renewable carbon source. Hydroxybenzophenones, xanthones, triazines, and […]
Phoenix dactylifera L. seeds: a by-product as source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties.
Date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seeds are a valuable and abundant by-product with various potential food applications and a source of functional and bioactive ingredients. In this study, date seeds from eight cultivars (Ourous "OUR", Tazizaout "TAZ", Tazarzeit "TAR", Tazoughart "TAG", Ouaouchet "OUC", Oukasaba "OUK", Delat "DEL" and Tamezwertn'telet "TWT") cultivated in the M'zab oasis (south of […]
Enzymolysis of walnut (Juglans regia L.) meal protein: Ultrasonication‐assisted alkaline pretreatment impact on kinetics and thermodynamics.
To improve the utility of walnut meal protein, influences of ultrasonication on the kinetic and thermodynamic constraints of enzyme (trypsin) hydrolysis were assessed using a multi-frequency counter current S-type ultrasound machine. Results revealed that both the ultrasonication treatment and control hydrolysis obeyed the first-order kinetics within the study constraints. After 90 min hydrolysis time, the uppermost […]
Isolation and Characterization of Nanocellulose with a Novel Shape from Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) Shell Agricultural Waste.
Herein, walnut shell (WS) was utilized as the raw material for the production of purified cellulose. The production technique involves multiple treatments, including alkaline treatment and bleaching. Furthermore, two nanocellulose materials were derived from WS by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO) oxidation and sulfuric acid hydrolysis, demonstrating the broad applicability and value of walnuts. The micromorphologies, crystalline structures, […]
Effects of hazelnut skin addition on the cooking, antioxidant and sensory properties of chicken burgers.
The aim was to evaluate the effects of hazelnut skin (HS) addition on the oxidation and sensorial properties of chicken burgers during storage and after cooking. Burgers were prepared and divided in five groups: [C] control without HS addition, [CAA] control with ascorbic acid, and [HS1] 1%, [HS2] 2% and [HS3] 3% HS addition. Burgers for each […]
A highly sensitive GC‐MS method for simultaneous determination of Anacardic Acids in Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) Nut Shell oil in presence of other phenolic lipid derivatives.
The commercial value of Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) has become a corner stone in agro waste industry as it is the by-product of the cashew industry which has 1/8 inch thickness of soft honey comb structure. CNSL contains phenolic lipids with aliphatic chains such as anacardic acid, cardanol, cardol, and methyl cardol, and their derivatives. The developed GC/MS […]
Plant Specialized Metabolites in Hazelnut (Corylus avellana) Kernel and Byproducts: An Update on Chemistry, Biological Activity, and Analytical Aspects.
Corylus avellana (hazelnut) is one of the most popular tree nuts on a worldwide basis. The main products of C. avellana are kernels, a nutritious food, with a high content of healthy lipids, contained in a hard shell. In recent years, along with the ongoing research carried out on hazelnut kernels, a growing interest has been addressed to the hazelnut byproducts […]
Influence of thermosonication (TS) process on the quality parameters of high pressure homogenized hazelnut milk from hazelnut oil by-products.
Hazelnut, an important source of nutrition, is reasonably expensive for hazelnut milk production. Hazelnut cake, a by-product from hazelnut oil production by cold press extraction technique, does not contain any chemical residue and can be used for hazelnut beverage production. This study investigates the effects of thermosonication process on the quality parameters of hazelnut milks and also compares the observed results with the conventional thermal […]
The Effect of Walnut Flour on the Physical and Sensory Characteristics of Wheat Bread.
The study was carried out to demonstrate the effect of walnut flour enhancement on the physical, nutritional, and sensory quality of bread. Walnut flour was prepared by soaking, deshelling, oven drying, and sieving whole walnuts. The wheat flour was supplemented with walnut flour by 0, 20, 30, 40, and 50% of the total amount. Standard procedures […]
Effects of Pecan Nut (Carya illinoiensis) and Roselle Flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa) as Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents for Sardines (Sardina pilchardus).
The effects of pecan nut (Carya illinoinensis) and roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa) as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents on shelf life extension of sardines (Sardina pilchardus) were evaluated over a period of 5 days at 7 ± 1 °C. Treatments consisted of the addition of 5% and 10% w/w pecan nut, 5% w/w roselle flower and a combination of 5% of […]